BACKGROUND & AIMS:
:At the dawn of the 21st century, classical curative medicine is being challenged by the fact that efforts to fight and prevent not a few diseases, are in many circumstances, beyond the power of the pharmacological armamentarium of the medical profession. On the other hand, replacement of lost function by mechanical or biophysical devices, or even by organ transplantation, prolongs life but generally derives in new and, at times, unsolvable problems. Regenerative therapy using stem cells began a revolutionary trend that may well change both the therapeutic approach to not a few of the diseases resulting from failing organs, as well as the fate and quality of life of millions of patients. The presence of pluripotent mesenchymal cells in the mesothelial monolayer as well as in the submesothelial connective tissue raises the possibility of using the peritoneal mesothelium in regenerative therapies. This perception of the problem is also based on observations made in humans as well as in laboratory animals showing bone, bone marrow, cartilaginous tissue, glomerular-like structures and creation of blood conducts, pathological situations (mesothelioma, sclerosing peritonitis), or after in vivo or ex vivo experimental interventions. The main concept emerging from this information is that peritoneal mesothelial cells are endowed with such a degree of plasticity that, if placed in the appropriate micro-environment, they have a remarkable potential to generate other mesenchymal-derived cell lines. Intensive research is required to define the best environmental conditions to take advantage of this plasticity and make the peritoneal mesothelium an actual option to be applied in regenerative medicine.
背景与目标:
:在21世纪初,传统的治愈医学受到了以下事实的挑战,即在许多情况下,除了医学专业的药理学装备之外,抗击和预防不少疾病的努力也受到了挑战。另一方面,通过机械或生物物理装置甚至器官移植来替代失去的功能可以延长寿命,但通常会带来新的问题,有时甚至是无法解决的问题。使用干细胞的再生疗法开始出现了革命性的趋势,这种趋势可能会改变治疗方法,使之不只因器官衰竭而导致的少数疾病,而且还会改变数百万患者的命运和生活质量。间皮单层以及间皮下结缔组织中多能间充质细胞的存在增加了在再生疗法中使用腹膜间皮的可能性。对问题的这种认识还基于在人类以及实验动物中的观察结果,这些观察结果显示了骨骼,骨髓,软骨组织,肾小球样结构和血液行为的产生,病理情况(间皮瘤,硬化性腹膜炎)或之后的情况。体内或离体实验干预。从这些信息中得出的主要概念是腹膜间皮细胞具有一定程度的可塑性,如果放置在适当的微环境中,它们具有产生其他间充质来源细胞系的显着潜力。需要进行深入研究以定义最佳环境条件,以利用这种可塑性并使腹膜间皮膜成为在再生医学中应用的实际选择。