Non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide which is encountered in the ambulatory and hospital settings. Hemorrhage form the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is categorized as upper GIB, small bowel bleeding (also formerly referred to as obscure GIB) or lower GIB. Although the etiologies of GIB are variable, a strong, consistent risk factor is use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Advances in the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of GIB have led to improved outcomes. We present an updated review of the current practices regarding the diagnosis and management of non-variceal GIB, and possible future directions.

译文

:非曲张性胃肠道出血(GIB)是全球范围内死亡率和发病率的重要原因,在门诊和医院环境中都遇到这种情况。胃肠道(GI)出血分为上GIB,小肠出血(以前也称为模糊GIB)或下GIB。尽管GIB的病因是多种多样的,但使用非甾体类抗炎药是一个强大而持续的危险因素。内镜下GIB的诊断和治疗取得了进步,从而改善了结局。我们介绍了有关非静脉GIB的诊断和管理的当前实践的最新回顾,以及可能的未来方向。

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