A study was made on the hydration and serum electrolyte changes in 55 black underground gold miners who presented with heat disorders, and control data were obtained on 52 surface and 50 underground workers without symptoms. Cases were admitted for assessment and treatment, and a questionnaire was administered on symptoms, work, fluid intake, alcohol intake, recent health, and past history of heat disorders. Twenty-eight men had experienced heat disorders in the past. Blood specimens on days 0, 1, 2, and 7 for serum sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, inorganic phosphate, and serum total protein were obtained from 55 cases, of which 22 also had estimations of hemoglobin and hematocrit. Initial serum electrolyte levels, because of hemoconcentration, were found to be a poor indicator of underlying changes. Changes in serum total protein were used to correct electrolyte levels for dehydration, which showed deficits in serum total sodium and potassium. This method of correction, when compared with one using hemoglobin and hematocrit, showed similar but smaller changes in serum electrolytes. The cases were divided into subgroups of "cramps" and "collapse"; no significant differences were seen in ambient conditions, age, or electrolyte changes. The cramps group, however, had drunk significantly more water. The findings overall were those of dehydration and salt depletion.

译文

:对55名患有热病的黑人地下金矿工人的水分和血清电解质变化进行了研究,并获得了52名地面工人和50名无症状地下工人的控制数据。入组病例进行评估和治疗,并就症状,工作,液体摄入,酒精摄入,近期健康和过去的热病史进行问卷调查。过去有28名男性经历过热障碍。从55例患者中获取了第0、1、2和7天的血清钠,钾,镁,钙,无机磷酸盐和血清总蛋白的血样,其中22例也有血红蛋白和血细胞比容的估计值。由于血液中的浓度,最初的血清电解质水平被认为是潜在变化的不良指标。血清总蛋白的变化用于纠正脱水的电解质水平,这表明血清总钠和钾缺乏。与使用血红蛋白和血细胞比容的校正方法相比,这种校正方法显示出相似但较小的血清电解质变化。这些病例分为“抽筋”和“崩溃”两个子组。在环境条件,年龄或电解质变化方面未见明显差异。但是,抽筋组的人喝了更多的水。总体而言,这些发现是脱水和盐耗不足的结果。

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