The effects of alcohol expectancies (AE) and drinking refusal self-efficacy (DRSE) in predicting alcohol consumption in Caucasians has been well studied. However, the role of AE and DRSE in Asian students is still not well understood. This study reported on this using Caucasian (n=98) and Asian (n=92) student samples. Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) to measure their hazardous alcohol consumption, and the drinking expectancy profile (DEP) to assess their alcohol related expectancies and ability to resist drinking in certain situations. Results showed that Caucasians reported significantly higher confidence, higher sexual interest, and higher tension reduction expectancies than Asians. Conversely, Asians significantly expected cognitive enhancement and negative consequences more than Caucasians. Relative to Caucasians, the Asian sample also reported that they would be more able to refuse alcohol when under social pressure. Results from regression analyses showed that for the Caucasian sample, AE, DRSE and their interactions were significant predictors of alcohol consumption. For the Asian group, the only significant effect to emerge was that DRSE was negatively related to alcohol consumption. The clinical implications of the differential pattern of results between the samples are discussed in terms of self-efficacy and negative consequences of alcohol consumption, especially when dealing with university aged individuals.

译文

酒精预期 (AE) 和拒绝饮酒自我效能 (DRSE) 对预测白种人饮酒的影响已经得到了很好的研究。然而,AE和DRSE在亚洲学生中的作用仍然不是很清楚。这项研究使用高加索人 (n = 98) 和亚洲 (n = 92) 的学生样本进行了报道。参与者完成了酒精使用障碍识别测试 (AUDIT) 以测量其危险的酒精消耗量,并完成了预期饮酒状况 (DEP) 以评估其与酒精相关的期望值和在某些情况下抵抗饮酒的能力。结果显示,与亚洲人相比,白种人的自信心,性兴趣和减轻压力的预期更高。相反,亚洲人比白种人更期望认知能力增强和负面后果。相对于高加索人,亚洲样本还报告说,在社会压力下,他们将更有能力拒绝饮酒。回归分析的结果表明,对于高加索人样本,AE,DRSE及其相互作用是饮酒的重要预测指标。对于亚洲集团而言,唯一出现的重大影响是DRSE与酒精消费呈负相关。从自我效能和饮酒的负面影响方面讨论了样本之间结果差异模式的临床意义,尤其是在与大学年龄的人打交道时。

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